Chapter 18: Bio-Psycho-Social Model 🧠💓🌍
Bio-Psycho-Social Model 🧠💓🌍
- Crime shaped by biological, psychological, and social factors; all equally important ⚖️
- Mind and body work together; mental processes affected by genes, emotions, and environment 🧬💭🏡
- Used in criminal psychology, medicine, psychiatry, sociology, clinical psychology 🏥📚
Genetics & Behavior 👶🧬
- Twin/adoption studies: genetics linked to antisocial, aggressive, violent behavior (Mednick et al., 1984) 👯♂️
- Early-onset behavioral problems: strongly influenced by genes, especially oppositional temperament 😠
- Later-onset antisocial behavior: influenced more by peers, parenting lapses 👫🏫
Interconnection 🌐
- Bio, psycho, and social factors interact; not just genes or environment alone 🔄
- Integrated approach better than blaming only biology or environment ✅
Optimistic Approach 🌈
- Treat criminals in mental hospitals rather than jails 🏥 vs 🏛️
- Jails can worsen crime by mixing new offenders with hardened criminals ⚠️
- Balanced approach:
- Punish those who commit crimes ⚖️
- Treat mentally ill offenders 🧠
- Keep repeat offenders separate 🔒
- Day jails for minor offenses allow social adaptation 🌞🏢
- Example: NYC reduced annual prison population from 20,000 → 8,000 while lowering crime 📉
Basic Concepts 📌
- Accepts genetic predispositions 🧬
- Emphasizes psychological factors: parenting, attachment 👨👩👧
- Emphasizes social factors: culture, environment 🌍
- Focus on treatment, not punishment ❤️🩺
| Key Concepts | Highlights |
|---|---|
| Bio-Psycho-Social Model | Integrates biology, psychology, society; used in forensic fields |
| Genetics & Behavior | Twin studies link genetics to aggression; early vs later onset |
| Interconnection | Factors interact; holistic approach superior |
| Optimistic Approach | Treatment over punishment; day jails, NYC example |
| Basic Concepts | Genetics, psychology, social; focus on rehabilitation |