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Chapter 13: Archetypes & Violence, Behaviorist Perspective
Archetypal Constellations and Violence
Archetypal Constellations and Violence:
- Shadow’s violence: Dominant shadow leads nations to war; person unaware of evil side; examples: wars, violence, epidemics, chaos.
- Child’s violence: Wants everything immediately; frustrated by obstacles; resorts to violence.
- Great mother’s violence: Protects loved ones; becomes fearsome (e.g., Kali Devi, Durga Mata).
- Hero’s violence: Naturally violent; fights dragons or villains for noble cause.
- Wise old man’s violence: Rarely violent; perverted form shows deceit, treachery, misguides hero, becomes trickster.
- Anima’s violence: Does not commit violence; softens brutality; hinders even legitimate violence.
- Animus’s violence: Can lead women to violent acts similar to shadow.
- Trickster’s violence: Exhibits extreme aggression like shadow.
- Self’s violence: Justifiable, holy violence (e.g., Jihad, crusade); others convinced too.
- Violence can result when archetypes fail to work in collimation.
Behaviorist Perspective
Behaviorist Perspective: Scientific theory of psychology: man learns and behaves like an animal.
New material should be associated with already known material; human behavior can be understood by breaking it into small pieces.
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning: Discovered within behaviorist tradition; major theorist: Ivan Pavlov.
Stimulus (S) → Response (R) conditioning; starts with reflex (innate, involuntary behavior).
- Unconditioned Stimulus (US) → Unconditioned Response (UR).
- Conditioned Stimulus (CS) paired before US → Conditioned Response (CR).
Model:
- US elicits UR naturally.
- Neutral Stimulus (NS) does not elicit UR.
- NS repeatedly paired with US.
- NS transforms into CS; CS elicits CR (same as UR).
No new behaviors learned; association developed between NS and US.
- Before conditioning: US elicits UR; NS elicits orienting response.
- During conditioning: NS presented, then US; association develops.
- After conditioning: NS becomes CS; elicits CR; emotional behavior influenced (happy, sad, angry, etc.).
Childhood learning associations can influence adult behaviors and violence.
Extinction
Extinction: Weakening/elimination of CR when CS no longer followed by US.
Achieved by repeatedly presenting CS without US.
Conditioned Stimulus → No Unconditioned Stimulus → No Conditioned Response.
Key Concepts in Archetypes, Violence, and Behaviorism
Archetypes & Violence
Shadow, Child, Hero, etc., linked to aggression
Behaviorist Perspective
Learning like animals, associations
Classical Conditioning
Stimulus-response associations
Conditioning Process
US, UR, CS, CR development
Extinction
Weakening conditioned responses
Applications
Childhood influences on adult violence
Summary of Important Points
| Aspect |
Description |
| Archetypes & Violence |
Shadow, Child, Hero, etc., contribute to violent behaviors |
| Behaviorism |
Scientific, animal-like learning, associations |
| Classical Conditioning |
Pavlov's model: US/UR to CS/CR via pairing |
| Conditioning Stages |
Before, during, after; influences emotions and violence |
| Extinction |
Eliminating CR by removing US reinforcement |
| Forensic Relevance |
Understanding learned associations in criminal behavior |
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